1855 Classification

The 1855 Classification has its flaws. Every Bordeaux lover can point to fifth growths which are today as good as or better than many ‘superior’ growths (take a bow, Pontet-Canet). A criticism of the Bordeaux 1855 Classification is that it is not revised. (With two exceptions: Cantemerle was admitted as a fifth growth in 1856, and Mouton Rothschild was promoted from second to first growth in the 1970s.) That it remains relevant today is down to two factors. For one thing, the terroir will out. The attributes of the vineyards of the successful properties can be seen, even today, to be those consistent with high quality. For another, the classification set up a virtuous (or vicious) circle, in which the most highly classified châteaux command higher prices, and can afford to make the long term investments for continued quality.

An interesting characteristic of classifications in the Médoc is that classification is for the châteaux, and is not a demarcation of vineyards. Châteaux can add to their vineyards and, so long as they’re within the appellation boundaries, increase their production without affecting their classification. Margaux second growth Lascombes is one (very acquisitive) example, as is Pauillac first growth Latour. Results can be outstanding, or disappointing.